China’s economy had a bad 2023 and the outlook isn’t much better. Exports for the year as a whole fell for the first time since 2016 as global demand for Chinese-made goods (other than cars) slowed, according to customs data released on Friday. Officials said the slump will be difficult to shake off in 2024, reports CNN.
Gloomy data
That wasn’t the only gloomy data China released on Friday. The world’s second-largest economy is struggling to stem deflationary pressures. Consumer price inflation in 2023 was the weakest it has been in 14 years.
The consumer price index for December improved slightly from November, but was down 0.3% on the same month in 2022, the National Bureau of Statistics said Friday. For 2023 as a whole, prices were up by just 0.2% over 2022, the weakest reading since 2009, when CPI fell by 0.7% as a global recession hit.
China is suffering a double-whammy of weak demand at home and abroad.
Exports measured in US dollar terms stood at $3.38 trillion in 2023, down by 4.6% compared to the year before. In 2022, Chinese exports increased by 7% from the year earlier. The last time China registered a decline in overseas shipments was in 2016 when exports fell 7.7%.
Imports also fell last year, by 5.5% to $2.56 trillion. That left the world’s second-largest economy with a trade surplus of $823 billion.
He expects China will continue to face “difficulties” on export markets as global demand is likely to remain weak and “protectionism and unilateralism” hinder growth, he added.
December was the third month in a row that the consumer inflation gauge has fallen year-on-year, marking the longest run of declines since 2009.
Food prices, especially the prices of pork, were a major drag.
Factory-gate prices were also subdued. The Producer Price Index dropped 2.7% in December from the same period in 2022, the 15th consecutive month of declines. For 2023, the PPI fell 0.3%.
Looking ahead, analysts from Capital Economics expect core inflation to rise slightly, helped by a cyclical recovery in the Chinese economy. But deflationary pressures won’t go away.
Glimmers of hope?
There was some positive news in Friday’s data, however. In December, exports rose 2.3% from the same month a year ago, marking the second straight month of growth and suggesting a slight improvement in the global appetite for Chinese goods. The country’s exports had dropped for six consecutive months before November.
At $240 billion, trade with Russia hit a new record high in 2023, up 26% from the previous year. Overall, it made up 4% of China’s total trade.
The United States remained China’s largest single-country trading partner in 2023, accounting for 11.2% of total trade. However, that represented a drop in 2022 — the first fall since 2019, when Washington and Beijing were in the middle of a prolonged trade war.
ASEAN, the 10-member bloc in Southeast Asia, and the European Union accounted for 15.4% and 13.2% of total trade with China, the Chinese customs figures showed.
The country also registered a 69% surge in the total value of automobile exports last year, the highest among all categories.
By volume, China shipped 5.22 million vehicles in 2023, up 57% from 2022. That’s in part thanks to surging growth in electric vehicles, said Lyu.
Earlier this week, a major Chinese car industry group said the country is “certain” to have surpassed Japan to become the world’s largest car exporter last year, driven by strong demand in Russia and growing global appetite for EVs.
The rankings will be confirmed once Japan’s official annual figures are released, which are expected in the next few weeks.
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Source: CNN
