- Crew actions and documentation are central to defending against cargo-related and navigational claims.
- Early detection and reporting of anomalies by vigilant crew members can prevent incidents from escalating.
- Accurate records, preserved evidence, and professional conduct onboard significantly influence claim outcomes.
Having spent nearly eight years at sea before transitioning into P&I claims handling, I’ve seen how routine onboard practices can shape the trajectory of a claim. In bulk and liquid cargo trades, discrepancies between shore and ship figures often lead to shortage claims. In such instances, the crew’s diligence in conducting and recording draft surveys, ullage readings, and tank soundings becomes vital. Proper documentation, timely reporting of discrepancies, and issuing Letters of Protest when necessary serve as the first line of defense.
Crew vigilance is equally critical during cargo operations. Whether it’s spotting discoloration or moisture in dry bulk cargoes like soybeans or noticing a disconnected power supply on a reefer container, early identification and communication can make all the difference. Promptly informing the master and arranging for surveys when required can prevent these minor issues from becoming full-fledged claims.
Ensuring Safe Navigation and Preserving Critical Evidence
Collisions and allisions remain among the most financially and legally challenging claims in P&I. While they’re often attributed to navigational mistakes, investigations commonly reveal deeper issues, such as poor bridge resource management or lapses in situational awareness. The crew’s ability to maintain effective watchkeeping and act on warning signs is crucial.
Post-incident, preserving the Voyage Data Recorder (VDR) is essential. The VDR records a comprehensive stream of navigational and operational data—from radar and AIS inputs to helm orders and bridge audio. This data becomes central during claim analysis by P&I clubs, lawyers, and marine experts. Complementary logbook entries and accurate accounts of the incident help strengthen the ship’s legal position. Cooperation and honesty with appointed legal teams further support a robust defense.
Fostering a Culture of Vigilance to Reduce Liability
The crew is often the only line of defense during the critical moments leading up to incidents that result in P&I claims. Their actions, observations, and records form the foundation upon which claims are assessed. A proactive approach—recognizing irregularities, reporting them promptly, and maintaining thorough documentation—helps contain potential liabilities.
From daily routines like monitoring cargo temperatures to broader responsibilities such as managing incident responses and surveyor interactions, every crew member contributes to safeguarding the vessel’s interests. Cultivating a culture of vigilance not only minimizes the risk of incidents but also strengthens the vessel’s ability to defend claims when they arise.
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Source: Britannia P&I Club
