- OPS technology connects ships to land-based power and cuts port emissions.
- Environmental benefits include reduced NOx, SOx, and particulate matter for cleaner air.
- IACS guidance Rec. 182 provides a framework for safe OPS adoption.
- Focus areas include safety, testing, maintenance, and interoperability.
- The outcome supports decarbonisation and sustainable shipping practices.
The global transition towards decarbonisation has placed a spotlight on reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from sea-going vessels, particularly during their time at port. Auxiliary engines traditionally used by vessels at berth contribute significantly to NOx, SOx, and particulate matter emissions. Onshore Power Supply (OPS), also known as “cold ironing” or shore-to-ship power, presents a viable solution by enabling ships to connect to a land-based electrical grid. According to the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS), this technology allows onboard generators to be switched off, improving air quality and creating healthier port environments.
To facilitate the effective adoption of OPS, the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) introduced Recommendation 182, a detailed framework providing guidance for ship designers, builders, operators, and owners. This initiative aligns with the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) MSC.1/Circ.1675 Interim Guidelines on the Safe Operation of Onshore Power Supply Service in Ports, focusing on seamless integration, operational safety, and environmental objectives.
Supporting Seamless Integration and Operational Safety
Recommendation 182 highlights the need for ships engaged in international voyages to be equipped with appropriate ship-side installations, such as power receptacles, shore connection switchgear, and compatibility safeguards. Detailed ship-to-shore connection protocols are outlined to ensure safety during power connections and disconnections, minimizing risks to both shipboard and shore-side systems.
Comprehensive Testing and Maintenance
The recommendation provides extensive guidance on testing procedures, including mandatory first-connection tests that verify proper integration between ship and shore systems. Regular inspections and functional tests are also emphasized, with periodic testing requirements based on the frequency of port calls and any modifications made to OPS systems.
Planned maintenance schedules ensure the reliability of OPS components, while strict adherence to operational safety measures, such as the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and lockout/tagout protocols, safeguards personnel during operations.
Documentation and Quality Assurance
Ships are required to maintain comprehensive documentation, including operational procedures, compatibility assessments, circuit diagrams, and emergency protocols. This ensures smooth operations and compliance with safety standards. Pre-connection checklists, detailing communication protocols and contact information, further enhance the safety and efficiency of shore power connections.
To protect shipboard systems, the recommendation emphasizes assessing shore power quality, including total harmonic distortion (THD) and voltage stability, to ensure uninterrupted and reliable power supply.
Industry-Wide Benefits
Recommendation 182 addresses the maritime industry’s need for standardised guidance to integrate OPS systems effectively. By supporting pollution reduction and aligning with global decarbonisation goals, the framework fosters the development of sustainable ports and better shipping practices.
Commenting on the initiative, IACS Machinery Panel Chair Amir Lotfolazadeh remarked, “The introduction of Rec. 182 underscores IACS’ commitment to advancing sustainable and safe maritime practices. We recognize the importance of shore power in achieving pollution reduction goals and are confident this guidance will drive the adoption of OPS systems industry-wide.”
Available on the IACS website, this recommendation serves as a valuable resource for stakeholders, including shipyards, designers, and operators, supporting the transition towards a cleaner and more sustainable maritime industry.
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Source: IACS
