Niu Technologies’ Q1 2023 Earnings Report

• • First Quarter Revenues of RMB 417.2 million, down 27.5% year over year
• First Quarter Net Loss of RMB 60.3 million, compared to net loss of RMB 29.6 million in the same period of last year

BEIJING, China, May 22, 2023 – Niu Technologies (“NIU”, or “the Company”) (NASDAQ: NIU), the world’s leading provider of smart urban mobility solutions, today announced its financial results for the first quarter ended March 31, 2023.

First Quarter 2023 Financial Highlights

• Revenues were RMB 417.2 million, a decrease of 27.5% year over year
• Gross margin was 21.7%, compared with 19.1% in the first quarter of last year
• Net loss was RMB 60.3 million, compared with net loss of RMB 29.6 million in the first quarter of last year
• Adjusted net loss (non-GAAP)1 was RMB 46.1 million, compared with adjusted net loss of RMB 16.3 million in the first quarter of last year

First Quarter 2023 Operating Highlights

• The number of e-scooters sold was 94,407, down 42.3% year over year
• The number of e-scooters sold in China was 81,518, down 45.3% year over year
• The number of e-scooters sold in the international markets was 12,889, down 12.2% year over year
• The number of franchised stores in China was 2,853 as of March 31, 2023
• International sales network consisted of 53 distributors covering 52 countries as of March 31, 2023

Dr. Yan Li, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, commented: “In the first quarter of 2023, we reinforced our brand position in the premium and mass-premium markets. Our most high-end electric bicycle SQi, with a retail price range of RMB 8,999 to 9,999, gained wide recognition, winning the Red Dot Design Award – Best of the Best 2023 and IF Design Award 2023. To ensure our long-term sustainable growth, we have been strategically optimizing our retail sales strategies by consolidating and upgrading our franchised stores. In May 2023, we launched several new products, including i) the MQiL, NIU’s next level flagship product that inherits the design from the all-time award winning M series but with significant upgrades in performance such as 170Km drive range and cutting edge smart functionalities, ii) the RQi, NIU’s first high-performance quad electric motorcycle, with 18KW peak power and 0-50km/h acceleration under 2.9s, and iii) the Gova G400 and G400T, the light motorcycle and the electric bicycle that share the same platform combining design aesthetics and practical functionalities. With these new products, we believe we can better serve the diverse mobility needs of our users and strengthen our brand while boosting our sales in China market.”

1 Adjusted net loss (non-GAAP) is defined as net loss excluding share-based compensation expense

For the overseas markets, Dr. Li said, “Alongside our existing impressive range of mobility vehicles including e-motorcycles,e-mopeds, and kick-scooters, the KQi1 Pro and BQi C3 further completes our product portfolio in kick-scooters and e-bikes. We believe our diverse and ever-growing product offerings will play a key role in our global expansion in the future and help us achieve long-term sustainable growth.”

First Quarter 2023 Financial Results

Revenues were RMB 417.2 million, a decrease of 27.5% year over year, due to decreased sales volume of 42.3% and increased revenues per e-scooter of 25.7%. The following table shows the revenues breakdown and revenues per e-scooter in the periods presented:

• E-scootersales revenues from China market were RMB 305.1 million, a decrease of 33.3%, and represented 85.1% of total e-scooter revenues. The decrease was mainly driven by the sales volume decreases by 45.3% in China.
• E-scootersales revenues from international markets were RMB 53.3 million, a decrease of 18.8%, and represented 14.9% of total e-scooter revenues. The decrease was mainly due to the sales volume decreases by 12.2% in international markets.
• Accessories, spare parts sales and services revenues were RMB 58.8 million, an increase of 12.8% and represented 14.1% of total revenues. The increase was mainly driven by the growth of our NIU app service subscription.
• The increase of revenues per e-scooter was mainly due to the increase in unit price of each e- scooter category both in China and international market, as well as improved product mix in China market, partially offset by the increased proportion of kick-scooter in international market.

1. Revenues per e-scooter on e-scooter sales from China or international markets is defined as e-scooter sales revenues from China or international markets divided by the number of e-scooters sold in China or international market in a specific period
2. Revenues per e-scooter on accessories, spare parts and services is defined as accessories, spare parts and services revenues divided by the total number of e-scooters sold in a specific period

Cost of revenues was RMB 326.9 million, a decrease of 29.8% year over year, mainly due to lower e- scooter sales volume. The cost per e-scooter, defined as cost of revenues divided by the number of e- scooters sold in a specified period, was RMB 3,462, up 21.6% from RMB 2,846 in the first quarter 2022, mainly due to product mix change.

Gross margin was 21.7%, compared with 19.1% in the same period of 2022. The increase was mainly due to better premium product mix and price increase.

Operating expenses were RMB 157.7 million, an increase of 10.3% from the same period of 2022. Operating expenses as a percentage of revenues was 37.8%, compared with 24.8% in the first quarter of 2022.

• Selling and marketing expenses were RMB 72.4 million (including RMB 3.1 million of share- based compensation), an increase of 3.3% from RMB 70.0 million in the first quarter of 2022, mainly due to the increase in depreciation and amortization expense of RMB 2.9 million. Selling and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues was 17.3% compared with 12.2% in the first quarter of 2022.
• Research and development expenses were RMB 35.0 million (including RMB 6.4 million of share-based compensation), a decrease of 16.4% from RMB 41.8 million in the first quarter of 2022, mainly due to the decrease of staff cost of RMB 3.9 million, the decrease in design expenses of RMB 2.9 million and the decrease in professional fee for system development of RMB 1.8 million, partially offset by the increase in share-based compensation expenses of RMB 1.5 million. Research and development expenses as a percentage of revenues was 8.4%, compared with 7.3% in the first quarter of 2022.
• General and administrative expenses were RMB 50.3 million (including RMB 4.4 million of share-based compensation), an increase of 62.0% from RMB 31.1 million in the first quarter of 2022, mainly due to the increase in provision for credit losses of RMB 21.3 million. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues was 12.1%, compared with 5.4% in the first quarter of 2022.

Operating expenses excluding share-based compensation were RMB 143.8 million, increased by 10.6% year over year, and represented 34.5% of revenues, compared with 22.6% in the first quarter of 2022.

• Selling and marketing expenses excluding share-based compensation were RMB 69.2 million, an increase of 4.7% year over year, and represented 16.6% of revenues, compared with 11.5% in the first quarter of 2022.
• Research and development expenses excluding share-based compensation were RMB 28.6 million, a decrease of 22.5% year over year, and represented 6.9% of revenues, compared with 6.4% in the first quarter of 2022.
• General and administrative expenses excluding share-based compensation were RMB 45.9 million, an increase of 70.5% year over year, and represented 11.0% of revenues, compared with 4.7% in the first quarter of 2022.

Government grants were RMB 0.3 million, compared with RMB 0.3 million in the same period of 2022.

Share-basedcompensation was RMB 14.2 million, compared with RMB 13.2 million in the same period of 2022.

Income tax expense was RMB 1.8 million, compared with RMB 1.3 million in the same period of 2022.

Net loss was RMB 60.3 million, compared with net loss of RMB 29.6 million in the first quarter of 2022. The net loss margin was 14.5%, compared with net loss margin of 5.1% in the same period of 2022.

Adjusted net loss (non-GAAP) was RMB 46.1 million, compared with an adjusted net loss of RMB 16.3 million in the first quarter of 2022. The adjusted net loss margin4 was 11.1%, compared with an adjusted net loss of 2.8% in the same period of 2022.

Basic and diluted net loss per ADS were both RMB 0.77 (US$ 0.11).

Balance Sheet

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had cash, term deposits and short-terminvestments of RMB 859.6 million in aggregate. The Company had restricted cash of nil and short-term bank borrowings of nil.

Business Outlook

NIU expects revenues of the second quarter 2023 to be in the range of RMB 828 million to RMB 952 million, representing a year-over-year increase of 0% to 15%.

The above outlook is based on information available as of the date of this press release and reflects the Company’s current and preliminary expectation and is subject to change.

4 Adjusted net loss margin is defined as adjusted net loss (non-GAAP) as a percentage of the revenues

Conference Call

The Company will host an earnings conference call on Monday, May 22,2023 at 8:00 AM U.S. Eastern Time (8:00 PM Beijing/Hong Kong Time) to discuss its first quarter 2023 financial and business results and provide a corporate update.

To join via phone, participants need to register in advance of the conference call using the link provided below. Upon registration, participants will receive dial-in numbers and a personal PIN, which will be used to join the conference call.

A live and archived webcast of the conference call will be available on the investor relations website at https://ir.niu.com/news-and-events/webcasts-and-presentations.

About NIU

As the world’s leading provider of smart urban mobility solutions, NIU designs, manufactures and sells high-performance electric motorcycles, mopeds, bicycles and kick-scooters. NIU has a diversified product portfolio that caters to the various demands of our users and addresses different urban travel scenarios. NIU’s product portfolio comprises its (i) six electric scooter and motorcycle series, RQi, NQi, MQi, SQi, UQi, and Gova, (ii) one kick-scooter series, KQi, and (iii) one e-bike series, BQi. NIU has adopted an omnichannel retail model, integrating the offline and online channels, to sell its products and provide services. For more information, please visit www.niu.com.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement NIU’s consolidated financial results presented in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), NIU uses the following non- GAAP financial measures: adjusted net income and adjusted net income margin. The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. NIU believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide meaningful supplemental information regarding its performance and liquidity by excluding certain items that may not be indicative of its operating results. The Company believes that both management and investors benefit from referring to these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing its performance and when planning and forecasting future periods. These non- GAAP financial measures also facilitate management’s internal comparisons to NIU’s historical performance. The Company believes these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors in allowing for greater transparency with respect to supplemental information used by management in its financial and operational decision making. A limitation of using these non-GAAP financial measures is that these non-GAAP measures exclude certain items that have been and will continue to be for the foreseeable future a significant component in the Company’s results of operations. These non-GAAP financial measures presented here may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies. Other companies may calculate similarly titled measures differently, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures to the Company’s data.