- Limpet Mine Threat Emerges in Mediterranean Amid Geopolitical Tensions.
- Pattern of Underwater Attacks Targets Vessels Linked to Russian Port Calls.
- Explosions in Mediterranean Signal Sophisticated Sabotage Campaign.
There’s been a noticeable uptick in suspected underwater explosive attacks on commercial oil tankers in the Mediterranean throughout 2025, raising serious maritime security alarms in the region. These incidents hint at a larger threat emerging from the rising geopolitical tensions surrounding Russian oil exports, reports Dryad Global.
Pattern Suggests Targeted Sabotage Linked to Russian Port Calls
According to Dryad Global’s June Maritime Security Threat Assessment (MSTA), a distinct pattern has emerged among the affected vessels—all of which had recently docked at Russian ports. This has sparked increasing speculation about a coordinated sabotage effort, possibly linked to the repercussions of Western sanctions on Russian energy shipments. The suspected use of limpet mines in several incidents has heightened concerns about deliberate state-sponsored or proxy operations aimed at disrupting maritime energy routes.
Latest Blast Near Libya Escalates Fears
The latest explosion took place off the Libyan coast near Benghazi on June 29, when a Malta-flagged crude oil tanker was rocked by a blast that led to significant flooding in its engine room. The ship lost control and needed to be towed to safety. While we’re still waiting for official confirmation, early assessments suggest a limpet mine might be to blame. This incident adds to an already alarming list of similar attacks.
Multiple Incidents Show Consistent Modus Operandi
Earlier this year, other oil tankers faced explosions near key locations across the Mediterranean, including areas close to Italian and Turkish ports, as well as along Libya’s coastline. These attacks resulted in hull breaches and serious structural damage, with investigators pointing to the use of magnetically attached explosive devices—specifically, Soviet-era limpet mines. The consistent timing, locations, and methods indicate a well-planned sabotage campaign.
Intelligence Points to Sophisticated, Military-Grade Threat
Dryad Global currently sees a moderate risk level for vessels that have recently visited Russian ports. The use of underwater limpet mines, often fitted with timers, indicates a high degree of operational planning. These aren’t just random acts of violence; they’re targeted disruptions likely aimed at deterring energy transport tied to Russian trade or putting pressure on operators who are in line with Western sanctions.
The tactical sophistication of these attacks—clear in their precision and stealth—suggests that advanced actors, possibly with military training or support, are involved. This raises alarms about potential state involvement or the use of covert proxy operatives disguised as political actors.
Recommended Measures for Maritime Operators
To navigate this evolving threat landscape, Dryad Global strongly advises commercial shipping operators to take immediate and proactive measures. Vessels operating in or near high-risk areas should carry out thorough underwater inspections using divers or remotely operated vehicles after leaving certain ports. Enhanced detection methods, like acoustic or sonar-based sensors, can help spot submerged threats early on.
Crew readiness is just as crucial. Shipping companies should invest in training their crews to spot signs of limpet mine placement and boost surveillance around vulnerable areas of the ship using onboard CCTV systems. Strategic voyage planning is also key; operators are encouraged to steer clear of geopolitical hotspots whenever possible and to collaborate closely with local maritime authorities for guidance and support.
Additionally, managing Automatic Identification System (AIS) signals—through encryption or selective deactivation—can help reduce a vessel’s traceability in high-risk zones. Operators need to stay updated on sanctions and advisories, while also regularly conducting response drills with local coastguards to ensure they’re prepared in case of an attack.
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Source: Dryad Global
